Basin-scale modes of variability — the NAO, the AMO and the rest — from
datamatch::climate_indices(), which owns them.
Details
Unlike everything else in the covariate catalog these have no spatial structure. One value per month applies to the whole study area, so an index cannot say where a patch is, only which years and seasons were unusual. That makes them useful for the interannual part of the signal and useless for the map: a projection differs between two months partly because the index differs, but the index shifts every cell by the same amount.
References
Each index is somebody's published product, and the source field names
whose. datamatch::index_dictionary() carries the citation for each one at
runtime; two of them (LCR, AMOC) are the output of specific papers and
should be cited when used. See datamatch's README for the list.
Examples
names(climate_index_covariates())
#> [1] "NAO" "AO" "AMO" "PDO" "LCR" "AMOC"